Sleeve roller chains, also known as silent chains or inverted-tooth chains, are commonly used in CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machine tools for transmitting power between different machine components. These chains are designed to operate quietly and efficiently, making them ideal for precision-driven CNC applications. The structure and standard of sleeve roller chains for CNC machine tools typically adhere to industry specifications to ensure reliability, interchangeability, and consistent performance. Here’s an overview of the typical structure and standards:
Structure of Sleeve Roller Chain
- Roller Links: These are the main components of the chain, consisting of two side plates and precision-machined rollers connected by pins. The rollers are typically inverted-tooth-shaped to engage with matching grooves on the sprocket teeth, ensuring smooth and quiet operation.
- Pin Links: The pin links connect the roller links and form the continuous loop of the chain. They are designed to withstand the tensile forces and provide flexibility during chain movement.
- Bushings: Sleeve roller chains may include bushings between the roller links and pin links to reduce friction and wear, especially in high-load applications.
- End Plates: End plates are fitted to the ends of the chain to prevent the chain from coming apart and ensure proper engagement with the sprocket.
Standards for Sleeve Roller Chains
Sleeve roller chains for CNC machine tools are typically manufactured according to international standards to ensure consistency and interchangeability. The most common standard for sleeve roller chains is the ANSI (American National Standards Institute) standard. The ANSI standard defines the dimensions, material specifications, and design criteria for various sizes of roller chains.
- ANSI Chain Numbering: Sleeve roller chains are designated by a numerical code, known as the chain number. The chain number indicates the pitch of the chain, which is the distance between the centers of adjacent pins, measured in 1/8-inch increments. For example, ANSI 40 chain has a pitch of 1/2 inch, while ANSI 50 chain has a pitch of 5/8 inch.
- ISO Standards: In addition to ANSI, there are also ISO (International Organization for Standardization) standards for roller chains. ISO 606 specifies the requirements for metric roller chains, while ISO 1275 covers imperial (inch-based) roller chains.
- Material Specifications: Sleeve roller chains used in CNC machine tools are typically made from high-quality alloy steel or stainless steel to ensure strength, durability, and resistance to wear. The material properties are crucial to maintaining accurate and reliable performance in precision machining applications.
- Lubrication: Proper lubrication is essential for the smooth operation and longevity of sleeve roller chains. Some chains come pre-lubricated, while others require periodic lubrication to minimize friction and wear.
- Tolerance and Quality Control: Manufacturers adhere to strict tolerance and quality control standards to ensure that each chain produced meets the required specifications for dimensional accuracy and performance.
By following these industry standards and specifications, manufacturers ensure that sleeve roller chains used in CNC machine tools are reliable, durable, and interchangeable, providing smooth and efficient power transmission for precise machining operations.
The Structure Of The Sleeve Roller Chain Of The CNC Machine Tool
The structure of the sleeve roller chain of the CNC machine tool is composed of an inner chain plate 1, an outer chain plate 2, a pin shaft 3, a sleeve 4, and a roller 5. The cooperation relationship between CNC machine tool parts is: interference fit between the inner chain plate and the sleeve, between the outer chain plate and the pin; between the roller and the sleeve, between the sleeve and the pin, using clearance fit , which constitutes a hinge, so that the inner and outer chain plates can rotate relative to each other. The roller looper of the CNC machine tool can reduce the friction and wear between the chain and the sprocket and improve the service life.
In order to reduce the wear of gear teeth in CNC machine tools, there is a small gap between the inner and outer chain plates, so that the lubricating oil can penetrate into the friction surface between the sleeve and the pin shaft. In order to reduce the mass of the chain and make the tensile strength of each cross-section of the chain approximately equal, the inner and outer chain plates are usually made into a “
The center distance of two adjacent pin shafts on the CNC machine tool chain is called the pitch of the chain, which is represented by p, which is one of the main parameters of the chain drive. When the transmission power of the CNC machine tool is large, a chain with a larger pitch or a multi-row chain can be used.
The more the number of rows, the stronger the bearing capacity, but if the number of rows is too large, the higher the requirements for manufacturing accuracy and assembly accuracy, and the load of each chain row is not easy to be evenly distributed. Therefore, in practical applications, there are generally 4 rows at most, and double-row chains are more commonly used.
When the number of chain links is even, the two ends of the chain are just connected with the outer chain plate and the inner chain plate, which can be fixed by spring card or cotter pin here. CNC machine tools generally use journals and pitches for the former, and the latter for large pitches; when the number of chain links is odd, transition links are required, and the chain plates of the transition links are subject to additional short bends and should be avoided as much as possible.
Standard Of CNC Machine Tool Sleeve Roller Chain
CNC machine tool sleeve roller chains are standardized. According to the national standard GB1243.1-83, it is divided into two series, A and B, and the A series is commonly used. The chain number in the table is multiplied by 25.4/16mm, which is the pitch value of the chain. It can be seen from the table that the larger the number of chains, the larger the size of the chain and the higher its carrying capacity.
The marking of the sleeve roller chain consists of the chain number, the number of rows, the number of links in the entire chain, and the standard number. For example, the chain mark 16A-1×68GB/T1243-1997 indicates that the pitch is 25.4mm, A series, single row, 68-section roller chain.
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