Usually, people call alloy steel with chromium content greater than 12% or nickel content greater than 8% stainless steel. This steel has certain corrosion resistance in the atmosphere or in corrosive media, and has higher strength at higher temperatures (>450°C). Steel with a chromium content of 16% to 18% is called acid-resistant steel or acid-resistant stainless steel, which is commonly referred to as stainless steel.

When the chromium content in steel reaches more than 12%, in contact with oxidizing medium, due to electrochemical action, a chromium-rich passivation film is quickly formed on the surface to protect the inside of the metal from corrosion; but in non-oxidative corrosion In the medium, it is still not easy to form a solid passivation film. In order to improve the corrosion resistance of steel, usually increase the proportion of chromium or add alloying elements that can promote passivation, such as Ni, Mo, Mn, Cu, Nb, Ti, W, Co, etc. These elements not only improve the corrosion resistance of steel Corrosion ability, while changing the internal structure and physical and mechanical properties of steel.

The content of these alloying elements in steel is different, which has different effects on the properties of stainless steel. Some are magnetic, some are non-magnetic, some can be heat treated, and some cannot. Due to the above characteristics of stainless steel, it is more and more widely used in industrial sectors such as aviation, aerospace, chemical industry, petroleum, construction and food and in daily life. The contained alloy elements have a great influence on the machinability, and some are even difficult to cnc machining and cutting.

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